Kansai International Airport, Japan, Architect - Renzo Piano Building Workshop

 Kansai airport was completed in 1992 and is characterized by sweeping curved ‘wings’ extending either side of the main terminal building. A simple extruded section for the main central area of the airport is connected to the toroidal geometry of the wings.

Like all toroidal surfaces, there are a number of properties which can be varied to fine tune the surface to the constraints which can emerge throughout the design development. The radii of the curve of the wing ribs were changed a number of times in response to the structural demands of the span of the member. The radius and the angle of the axis of the toroid was varied in response to the changes in the rib profile in order to ensure the intersection along the horizontal cut line was within reasonable cantilever limits. The angular setout of the structural and cladding modules were varied to limit drift. The overall surface is a doubly curved form clad in identical glass and aluminum panels.

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